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geographical annotations to

Ainsworth, William, 'Notes on a journey from Kaïsaríyah, by Malátíyah, to Bir or Birehjik, in May and June, 1839'


19th century sources

website of Jelle Verheij, historian

Rúm Ḳal'ah → Rumkale, castle on a prom0ntory in the Euphrates, north of Halfeti (Şanlıurfa province). See p.331